重点词汇预测
教育类词汇
文凭 diplomas and certificates
考研热 the craze for graduate school study
应试教育 the examination-oriented education
义务教育 compulsory education
复合型人才 interdisciplinary talents
文化底蕴 the rich cultural deposits
大学生创业 the university students’ innovative undertakings
扩招 expand enrollment
被授予学位 be granted a an official certificate from
高分低能 good scores but low qualities
片面追求升学率 place undue emphasis on the proportion of students entering schools of a higher level
退学 drop out of the school
形成淘汰制度 frame an elimination system
教书育人 impart knowledge and educate people
因材施教 teach students according to their aptitude
德才兼备 possess political integrity and professional ability
品学兼优 be a students of fine qualities and fine scholar
提高学生身心素质 improve the health and psychological quality
适应社会的改变 adjust to the social changes quickly
满足社会的急需 meet the urgent need of the society
保护知识产权 protect the intellectual property
才疏学浅 be wanting in ability and shallow in knowledge
努力获得精神文明 make efforts to seek cultural and ideological progress
减轻负担 reduce the heavy burdens
更加有意义和丰富的生活 a more vigorous, colorful and dynamic life
工作类词汇
崇高职业 noble career
白领工作 white-collar workers
跳槽 job-hopping
试用期 probationary period
人才流动和双向选择 talent flow and a dual-way selection
自由职业 freelance work
拜金主义 money worship
获得名利 achieve fame and wealth
充分发挥个人的潜力 develop fully one’s potential and creativity
实干精神 steadfast and earnest in one’s work
工作出色 excel in one’s work
无忧无虑 be care-free
社会和个人的尊重 social and personal esteem
生计问题 a bread and butter issue
生活补助 living subsidies
人才交流 talents exchange
培养人才 cultivate talents
推荐人才 recommend the virtuous and able
人才外流 brain drain
优化产业结构 optimize the structure
精简人员 cut off the overstaffed offices
提高综合素质 improve the comprehensive quality
解决劳动就业问题tackle the problem of labor force utilization
砸掉大锅饭 shatter the convention of iron bowl
坚持改革 be persistent in the reform progress
造成失业问题 bring about the unemployment problem
下岗人员 the laid-off workers
自谋生路 be self-employed
给出优惠政策 give preferential treatment
享受失业救济金 enjoy unemployment pension
需要安全感和生活保障 need a sense of security and guarantee of life
劳动力短缺 shortage of manpower
提高文化，智慧，品质修养 enhance their cultural and moral quality
商业类词汇
服务行业 service trade
家用电器 household electrical appliances
物美价廉 with low price and high quality
售后服务 after-sale service
旺季 during peak selling seasons
销售渠道 distribution channel
商标冒用 trade-mark infringement
稳定物价 stabilize the commodity prices
加强品牌效应 strengthen the brand effect
提高购买力 raise the purchasing power
保持市场的良好的秩序 keep to market in good order
适销对路 be good for sale
脱销 out of stock
刺激购买欲 stimulate the desire to buy
促销 promote sales
超前消费 premature consumption
有效期 term of validity
零售价 retail price
批发价 whole price
紧俏商品 commodities in short supply
假冒伪劣 forged and fake commodities
工业词汇
产业结构升级 upgrade the structure of industry
外向型经济：export-oriented economy
企业凝聚力 the cohesive force in enterprise
亏损企业 enterprise in the red
创收 generate profits
精简开支 cut down the outlay
扭转局面 reverse the tide
有外需 have a potential in overseas market
医药健康词汇
杀虫剂 pesticide
卫生环境 sanitary environment
营养不良 malnourished
传染病 infectious disease
呼吸疾病 respiratory disease
建设卫生城市 hygienic city
政治经济词汇
立法会议 legislative sessions
行政处罚 administrative penalty
司法部门 enforcement apartment
侵犯个人隐私 invasion of privacy
修改宪法 revise the constitution
假账 deceptive accounting
漏税 tax evasion
刑事诉讼 criminal proceeding
行贿和受贿 take and offer bribes
要求索赔 claim compensation
目无法规 defy the law and social disciplines
法律监督 function as a legal supervisor
扰乱治安 disturb the social order
建立奖励和制约机制 establish a incentive and disincentive system
物质和精神文明建设 material and ideological progress
精简机构 streamline government organs
集思广益 pool ones wisdom
扩大内需 expand the domestic demand
2004年重点词组与词汇
阅读理解部分
1. hunt for v.搜寻
2. stumble v.绊倒，使困惑，蹒跚，结结巴巴地说话，踌躇n.绊倒，错误
3. attract vt.吸引vi.有吸引力，引起注意
4. intellectual property知识产权
5. counsel n.讨论，商议，辩护律师vt.劝告，忠告
6. inefficient adj.效率低的，效率差的， （指人）不能胜任的，无能的
7. drawback n.缺点，障碍，退还的关税，退税（指进口货物再出口时退还其进口时的关税）
8. eliminate vt.排除，消除v.除去
9. concept n.观念，概念
10. implicit adj.暗示的，盲从的，含蓄的，固有的，不怀疑的，绝对的
11. strategy n.策略，军略
12. design n.设计，图案，花样，企图，图谋， （小说等的）构思，纲要
v.设计，计划，谋划，构思
13. tempt vt.诱惑，引诱，吸引，使感兴趣，考验，试探
14. sign up登记，签约
15. potential adj.潜在的，可能的，势的，位的n.潜能，潜力，电压
16. traffic n.交通，通行，运输，贸易，交通量，交易，交往，通信量
vi.交易，买卖vt.在……通行，用……作交换
17. marketing n.行销，买卖
18. worthwhile adj.值得做的，值得出力的
19. keep a close watch on密切注视，密切关注
20. demand for需求
21. compensation to补偿，赔偿
22. negotiate谈判，商量
23. maintain vt.维持，维修，继续，供养，主张
24. mean n.用意
25. look out v.面朝，留神，照料
26. discrimination n.辨别，区别，识别力，辨别力，歧视
27. condemn vt.判刑，处刑，声讨，谴责
28. illegal adj.违法的，不合规定的
29. continue to继续
30. unaware of没有意识到
31. have a big advantage over对…有较大优势
32. spread n.伸展，展开，传播，蔓延，酒席，宴会，桌布
v.伸展，展开，铺，涂，敷，摆，传播，散布
33. suspiciously adv.猜疑着，怀疑着
34. start with以……开始
35. respectively adv.分别地，各个地
36. predecessor n.前辈，前任， （被取代的）原有事物
37. coincidence n.一致，相合，同时发生或同时存在（尤指偶然）的事
38. dream up v.空想出， <俗>构思，创造，设计（发明物等）
39. junior n.年少者，晚辈，下级， （年龄、职位等）较低者，大学三年级学生
adj.年少的，下级的，后进的
40. improving改进，改善（质量） ，精炼
41. insensitive adj.对……没有感觉的，感觉迟钝的
42. qualification n.资格，条件，限制，限定，赋予资格
43. confidence n.有信心
44. publicly adv.公然地，舆论上
45. graduation n.毕业，毕业典礼，刻度，分等级
46. ceremony n.典礼，仪式，礼节，报幕员
47. literally adv.照字面意义，逐字地
48. draw up v.草拟，停住，逼近，追上，整队
49. recipient adj.容易接受的，感受性强的n.容纳者，容器
50. plough through费劲地阅读，吃力地钻研，艰难地通过
51. come to v.达到，继承，复苏，停止，想起，共计
52. client n.[计]顾客，客户，委托人
53. blame n.过失，责备vt.责备，谴责
54. concern about （利害）关系，关心，关注，关注，所关心的是
55. shop at购物
56. admission n.允许进入，承认某事之陈述，供认
57. lag n.落后，囚犯，迟延，桶板，防护套adj.最后的
vi.缓缓而行，滞后vt.落后于，押往监狱，加上外套
58. approach n.接近，逼近，走进，方法，步骤，途径，通路
vt.接近，动手处理vi.靠近
59. crucial adj.至关紧要的
60. panicn.惊慌，恐慌，没有理由的
61. prospect n.景色，前景，前途，期望vi.寻找，勘探
62. modest adj.谦虚的，谦让的，适度的
63. in despair绝望
64. despite prep.不管，尽管，不论
65. fortune n.财富，运气，大量财产，好运，命运vt.<古>偶然发生
vt.给……以大宗财富
66. predominately adv.占主要优势地
67. overbidvt.出价高与（别人）， （桥牌上）叫牌超过（别人） vi.过高出价
n.过高的出价，过高的叫牌
68. folk n.人们，亲属（复数），民族adj.民间的
69. comfortableadj.舒适的
70. lining n.加衬里，内层，衬套
71. bubble n.泡沫，幻想的计划vi.起泡，潺潺的流
72. be influenced by被…影响
73. ingredient n.成分，因素
74. sustain vt.支撑，撑住，维持，持续
75. be worth doing值得做
76. place a very high value on特别重视
77. entertainern.款待者，表演娱乐节目的人，演艺人员
78. for the sake of为了
79. symptom n.[医][植]症状，征兆
80. intellectualadj.智力的，有智力的，显示智力的n.知识分子
81. counterbalancevt.使平均，使平衡，弥补n.平衡量，平衡力，势均力敌
82. anything but adv.决不
83. distaste n.讨厌，嫌恶
84. pursuit n.追击，追求
85. participate in v.参加，参与，分享
86. democracy n.民主政治，民主主义
87. resent v.愤恨，怨恨
88. privilegen.特权，特别待遇，基本公民权力，特免
vt.给与……特权，特免
89. innate adj.先天的，天生的
90. reluctantlyadv.不情愿地，嫌恶地
翻译部分：
1. assumevt.假定，设想，采取，呈现
2. have some connection with与…有关
3. take root in生根，扎根
4. diverse adj.不同的，变化多的
5. vanish vi.消失，突然不见， [数]成为零n.[语]弱化音
6. assimilate v.吸收
7. native n.本地人，土产，土人
adj.本国的，出生地的，本地的，与生俱来的，天赋的，土产的，土著的
8. grateful adj.感激的，感谢的
9. strikingly adv.醒目地，引人侧目地
10. fabricate vt.制作，构成，捏造，伪造，虚构
11. habitual adj.习惯的，惯常的
12. formulate vt.用公式表示，明确地表达，作简洁陈述v.阐明
13. imprison vt.监禁，关押v.监禁
14. consequence n.结果， [逻]推理，推论，因果关系，重要的地位
15. hypothesis n.假设
16. inappropriate adj.不适当的，不相称的
17. emphasize vt.强调，着重v.强调
18. diversityn.差异，多样性
19. explicitly adj.外在的，清楚的，直率的， （租金等）直接付款的
20. linguistic determinism语言决定理论
作文万能模式
预测范文一 Computer games
首段描述图画，揭示现象危害
As is vividly depicted in the picture, the schoolboy indulges himself in computer game.The most striking feature that impresses me deeply is that unbelievably, in class, he can not concentrate himself on what the teacher says, but just falls asleep dreaming about the thrilling computer games. Recently the phenomenon that the students suffer too much from homework burdens has aroused great concern and should be given enough consideration. This phenomenon of heavy burdens imposed on our students should be condemned severely or made illegal. There is no doubt that its symbolic meaning subtly conveyed should be given deep consideration.
中间段落从两方面论证问题的危害，并举例论证，预测 危害的趋势
To account for the above-mentioned phenomenon, several effects have been put forward. To begin with, spending too much time on the games not only results in failure in their study but also does harm to their health since they keep still in front of the computer and watch the computer without blinking the eyes. In addition, some unhealthy and violent information will tempt the children to act just like what is indicated in the game,which is a threatening situation we are unwilling to see. No better illustration of this idea can be thought than the example mentioned below .According to a survey made by China Daily, 63.93% of young people who are attached to computer games are in poor health or even drop out of school. If we cannot take useful means, we may not control this trend, and some undesirable results may come out unexpectedly, we will see the gloomy future of our students.
最后一段要强调解决问题，谈的两点建议通常是提高人们的意识，加强执法；
From what have been discussed above, it is therefore, necessary that some effective measures are taken to prevent the children playing the games. On the one hand, we should be sensible to strengthen the enforcement of the laws to protect the students. On the other hand, it is demanding
for us to keep people aware of the importance of saving the students out of the evil hands of the internet bars. However, it is easier said than done. Practice is the most important factor. Only when you attention to it can you see a colorful and harmonious future better sooner or later.
预测范文二 一个学生在疯狂的做作业, 面前有一大堆模拟题,头上冒汗,老师又给了一大堆作业.
As is vividly depicted in the picture, a student was buried in the large pile of textbooks and rushed to do the surprisingly large amount of homework .The most striking feature that impresses me deeply is that unbelievably, the student was wearing a lot of sweats and suffered great pains form the excessively heavy burdens caused by the pressure of enterting a high school. Recently the phenomenon that the students are tortured by the heavy burdens of assignments has aroused great concern and should be given enough consideration. This phenomenon of destroying the the health of students should be condemned severely or made illegal. There is no doubt that its symbolic meaning subtly conveyed should be given deep consideration.
中间段落从两方面论证问题的危害，并举例论证，预测 危害的趋势
To account for the above-mentioned phenomenon, several effects have been put forward. To begin with,heavy burdens of homework not only results in the loss of interest in the study for students but also does harm to the physical and mental health since the children are overworked and have no time for rest or relaxation . In addition, so much homework will cause the students to spare no time for their hobbies or interests ,which is a threatening situation we are unwilling to see. No better illustration of this idea can be thought than the example mentioned below . According to a survey made by China Daily, 63.93%of young people who have once suffered the pains of heavy burdens of homework feel sick about what they did and had no free time to develop their talents such as sports, music and computers. If we cannot take useful means, we may not control this trend, and some undesirable results may come out unexpectedly, we will see the gloomy future of our students who maybe become dull or even goes insane.
最后一段要强调解决问题，谈的两点建议通常是提高人们的意识，加强执法；
From what have been discussed above, it is therefore, necessary that some effective measures are taken to prevent the school damaging the the health of studdents. On the one hand, we should be sensible to strengthen the enforcement of the laws to protect the legal freedom of enjoying their spare time and allow them to do meaningful things. On the other hand, it is demanding for us to keep people aware of the importance of requiring the teachers to make the best use of their class time while leaving enough time for their students. However, it is easier said than done. Practice is the most important factor. Only when you attention to it can you see a colorful and harmonious future better sooner or later.
预测范文三 图画描述了很多游人在游玩和照相，在天安门广场游玩时，在吐口香糖，乱扔废弃物，广场上充满了污渍
As is vividly depicted in the picture, thougsands of tourists strolled on the Tiananmen Square,busily taking photos and enjoed themselves freely.The most striking feature that impresses me deeply is that unbelievably, those people threw away the chewed gum and the smoked cigarette . Recently the phenomenon that the tourists destroyed the environment seriously has aroused great concern and should be given enough consideration. This phenomenon of destroying the environment should be condemned severely or made illegal. There is no doubt that its symbolic meaning subtly conveyed should be given deep consideration.
中间段落从两方面论证问题的危害，并举例论证，预测 危害的趋势
To account for the above-mentioned phenomenon, several effects have been put forward. To begin with, destroying the environment not only results in the loss of sanitary maintainance but also does harm to the indignity of our national images internationally since Tiananmen Square as the most high-profile site represents the face-lift of China . In addition, some unhealthy or even poisonous wates will cause the peole to breathe the harmful air ,which is a threatening situation we are unwilling to see. No better illustration of this idea can be thought than the example mentioned below . According to a survey made by China Daily, 63.93% of young people who have once dropped wastes into the places of interests do take it seriously. If we cannot take useful means, we may not control this trend, and some undesirable results may come out unexpectedly, we will see the gloomy future of our heritage left by our ancesters.
最后一段要强调解决问题，谈的两点建议通常是提高人们的意识，加强执法；
From what have been discussed above, it is therefore, necessary that some effective measures are taken to prevent the tourist damaging the environment. On the one hand, we should be sensible to strengthen the enforcement of the laws to protect the cultural relics. On the other hand, it is demanding for us to keep people aware of the importance of saving the relcs out of the evil hands of destructioin. However, it is easier said than done. Practice is the most important factor. Only when you attention to it can you see a colorful and harmonious future better sooner or later.
预测范文四 Good neighbours 图画描述了两个邻居个领着一只狗,狗在互相打招呼,而人却很冷漠
As is vividly depicted in the picture, the two lonely neighbors seem to ignore each other while the two dogs greet each others politely and amiably.The most striking feature that impresses me deeply is that unbelievably, the social interactions have been diminishing. Recently the phenomenon that lots of people loveto raise the dogs while neglecting the communications between the neighbors or relatives has aroused great concern and should be given enough consideration. This phenomenon of ignoring the human communications should be condemned severely or made illegal. Pet-keeping is becoming an increasingly pervasive because a pet may be a companion for old people, a friend for young couples and a playing toy for children. Believe it or not, pets are such an inseparable part in their daily life that they devote lots of energy, time and money to taking care of the need of their loved animals.There is no doubt that its symbolic meaning subtly conveyed should be given deep consideration.
To account for the above-mentioned phenomenon, several reasons have been put forward. To begin with, since most people have to live on an on-the-move lifestyle, they are denied to have opportunities to share their feelings with their friends and relatives. Whereas pets are good listeners.
They are so busily scheduled that they have no time even for a drink with some friends.In addition, While there are so many dishonesties going around, they must stay with a dog, which is likely to be faithful to them. Since a pet is loyal to his master and acts as the instructions of humans, a person has no need to get along with his neighbors who may have different opinions about his or her ideas,which is a threatening situation we are unwilling to see.No better illustration of this idea can be thought than the example mentioned below . According to a survey made by China Daily, 63.93% of young people who have once dropped wastes into the places of interests do take it seriously. If we cannot take useful means, we may not control this trend, and some undesirable results may come out unexpectedly, we will see the gloomy future of our heritage left by our ancesters.
最后一段要强调解决问题，谈的两点建议通常是提高人们的意识，加强执法；
From what have been discussed above, it is therefore, necessary that some effective measures are taken to prevent the pets damaging the the relations between the neighbors. On the one hand, we should be sensible to strengthen the social contacts between neighbors. On the other hand, it is demanding for us to keep people aware of the importance of communications between people instead of staying with a dog alone. However, it is easier said than done. Practice is the most important factor. Only when you attention to it can you see a colorful and harmonious future better sooner or later
预测范文五 一个人总在忙碌,工作压力很大,要承受很多社会的压力,包括买房子和车子
As is vividly depicted in the picture, there are so many things that the man has to bear or to seek.The most striking feature that impresses me deeply is that unbelievably, it is like him that alost everyone of us feels tired or even exhausted . Recently the phenomenon that lots of people have to suffer great pains from the stress from all aspects of family and society has aroused great concern and should be given enough consideration. This phenomenon of being seriously pressured should be condemned severely. Everyday we jump out of bed with the ear-splitting ring of the alarm-clock, swallow the quick breakfast and then rush to catch the bus. When arriving at the workplace, we have to work every minute to its full value. Besides, a lot of people have to sacrifice a high pay to earn money to feed their family and buy houses which are too expensive to afford.
There is no doubt that its symbolic meaning subtly conveyed should be given deep consideration.
中间段落从两方面论证问题的危害，并举例论证，预测 危害的趋势
To account for the above-mentioned phenomenon, several reasons have been put forward. To begin with, the first stess-maker is competition.
Nowadays may people, who have a strong career-mind are involved in a fierce competion for money, ranks,and fame. In the rat race, they try every means to stay on the top and keep on working until they can hardly breathe.In addition, the reason why they are suffering a great pain is that they have such a great ambition to succeed and want to accomplish their goals in the shortest possible time. Just because of their ambitionw, they put great great pressures on themselves and have no time for relaxation to enjoy themselves.No better illustration of this idea can be thought than the example mentioned below . According to a survey made by China Daily, 63.93% of young people who have once tasted the stress are becoming physically or mentally ill. If we cannot take useful means, we may not control this trend, and some undesirable results may come out unexpectedly, we will see the gloomy future of our heritage left by our ancesters.
最后一段要强调解决问题，谈的两点建议通常是提高人们的意识，加强执法；
From what have been discussed above, it is therefore, necessary that some effective measures are taken to prevent the stress damaging the the health of most people. On the one hand, we should be sensible to develop a positive attitude towards competition. That is, competition is not the ultimate goal of life, but a driving force that motivates us to fulfill our dreams On the other hand, it is demanding for us to keep people aware of the importance of developing a schedule which includes enough time for rest and other important values. However, it is easier said than done. Practice is the most important factor. Only when you attention to it can you see a colorful and harmonious future better sooner or later
积极有利型
人类社会的永恒话题, 对比论述突出好处,比如坚持不懈, 打败自我,团队精神,为人真诚,实事求是从正面列举该积极事物的好处,克服困难, 征服挑战, 完善自我,走向成功,创造辉煌从反面列举没有这个积极事物时的不好, 郁闷迷茫, 无成就感和前进动力, 失败挫折感最后要谈两点建议措施和联想美好未来.
话题：坚持不懈---------------在失败的时候坚持, 做好每一件小事为成功做好准备.
首段：四句话，描述图画，表明图画发人深思。
As is vividly depicted in the picture, 描述图画. The most striking feature is 图画重点信息.
描述图画两句，第一句宏观表明图画的视觉效果。 第二句表明的图画的最大特色是什么。
There is no doubt that its symbolic meaning subtly conveyed should be given deep consideration.
此句子表明图画所微妙传达的象征含义，发人深思，十四个单词增加亮点，弥补首段字数不足，为下文点名观点作好铺垫
Recent few years has witnessed a phenomenon that which plays an active part in our society.
二段：七句话，揭示象征含义，从正反两方面论述该积极事物的重要性。从正面列举该积极事物的好处,克服困难, 征服挑战, 完善自我,走向成功,创造辉煌从反面列举没有这个积极事物时的不好, 郁闷迷茫, 无成就感和前进动力, 失败挫折感，而且要举例证明使观点具体化，并以倒装并列句结尾，画龙点睛。
As is symbolically revealed in the set of drawings, the fact that 重复上面的图画信息
profoundly indicates that perseverance is momentous (重要的) and fundamental to any one who undertakes great deeds.任何积极话题必然与成功有联系，成功是衡量该话题是否积极的唯一标准。该段首句设置爆发力句型，增加气势，让老师给出很高的第一印象分，借此开头很有特色。
Perseverance means that people can persist on when they face the difficulty and prepare every detail for the coming success.定义法论述：毅力—在困境中坚持，做好细节，准备成功；
It is perseverance that keeps us continually doing something valuable and admirable , that makes us still full of energy to face the coming challenges and competition and that offers us the foundation for the coming success.强调并列句是英语的极品句型，大气磅礴。此万能句子是任何积极事物都可以帮助我们克服困难,征服挑战,走向成功.
Unless we stick to our dream,（适当把主题词进行同义替换）we will live a dull and depressing life and feel frustrated and humiliated, only to be eliminated.
双重否定句子从反面论证宏观说明危害性，如果缺乏该积极事物就生活郁闷挫折被竞争所淘汰。
To account for the above mentioned topic, several reasons can be put forward as mentioned below.
To begin with
In addition
Last but not the least
No better illustration of this idea can be thought than the example mentioned below.
（举例证明把for example 写成十四个很有特色，而且表明下面的例子很重要，又增加一分，老师看了这么多for example，审美疲劳，老师一看该句，一定激动。
Many capable people who have the burning desire to win fail to achieve their goals just because they don’t persist （是坚持的同意改写）especially when they face the music.
Many people who。。。。。。just because。。。。。。想成功但失败因为他们不能坚持特别是遇到困难的时候，
Only by being perseverant can they guarantee a success and have a strong will to always challenge themselves.指的是永远成功
倒装并列句在段落末尾写，增加气势，第二段结尾很重要，不要晚节不保。倒装句在结尾补充再好不过。此句很万能，表明只有该积极事物让我们永远成功；
三：５—６句话，承上启下总结上文，两点建议，展望美好未来
From what have been discussed above, It admits of no doubt that in doing things whether great or small there are more or less difficulties, it is much better for one to persevere than to despair.
From 。。。。。。。。。。承上启下, 引起下文, 多达二十五个单词的总结句 表明无论做大事小事，难事容易事，都需要积极事物支持我们。
It is therefore, necessary that some effective measures are taken to cultivate confidence and to pursue the coming goals.
建议措施的总起句子, 引起下文，被动句子很有风采.
On the one hand, we should be sensible to encourage ourselves to imagine about the colorful future. On the other hand, it is demanding for us to punish ourselves in certain ways if we fail to hold on to our dream.
结构很清晰,sensible 表明建议很理性, 从反方面再谈很辨证.
However, it is easier said than done. Practice is the most important factor. Only when you pay attention to it can you make it better sooner or later.
这个闪光的万能句多达25个单词，强调实践的重要性.而且还有谚语,表明建议用于实践。
话题二：打败自我，不断改正自身缺陷吸收别人长处，完善自我，自信面对人生；
１Defeating ourselves or Defeating others
Defeating ourselves------------fight with our defects-------------------perfect ourselves------confident--------perseverant----------------have a better understanding of ourselves
As is vividly depicted in the picture, 描述图画. The most striking feature is 图画重点信息. There is no doubt that its symbolic meaning subtly conveyed should be given deep consideration.
As is symbolically revealed in the set of drawings, the fact that 重复上面的图画信息 profoundly indicates that defeating oneself rather than the other competitors is momentous (重要的) and fundamental to any one who undertakes great deeds. You have to fight with your own shortcoming and perfect yourself as much as possible. It is defeating ourselves that keeps us continually doing something valuable and admirable in spite of difficulty and discouragement , that makes us still full of energy to face the coming challenges and competition and that offers us the foundation for the coming success. Unless we defeat ourselves, we will live a dull and depressing life and feel frustrated and humiliated, only to be eliminated. No better illustration of this idea can be thought than the example mentioned below. Many people who do not have faith in themselves always lose the match. Only by defeating ourselves can they make full use of their advantages and have a strong will to always challenge themselves.
From what have been discussed above, It admits of no doubt that in doing things whether great or small there are more or less difficulties, it is much better for one to have a better understanding of oneself. It is therefore, necessary that some effective measures are taken to make yourself more competitive in the society. On the one hand, we should be sensible to encourage ourselves to enrich our minds. On the other hand, it is demanding for us to be more perseverant. However, it is easier said than done. Practice is the most important factor. Only when you pay attention to it can you make it better sooner or later.
3. Team work 一个人盖楼房很辛苦, 很多人在一起建, 他们脸上有很多笑容.
As is vividly depicted in the picture, 描述图画. The most striking feature is 图画重点信息. There is no doubt that its symbolic meaning subtly conveyed should be given deep consideration.
As is symbolically revealed in the set of drawings, the fact that 重复上面的图画信息 profoundly indicates that team work is momentous (重要的) and fundamental to any one who undertakes great deeds. Undoubtedly, it is team work that keeps us continually doing something valuable and admirable in spite of difficulty and discouragement , that makes us still full of energy to face the coming challenges and competition and that offers us the foundation for the coming success. Unless we cooperate sincerely, , we will live a dull and depressing life and feel frustrated and humiliated, only to be eliminated. No better illustration of this idea can be thought than the example mentioned below. A person who is assigned various jobs along the production lines will make a mess just because no one can be proficient in all the things. Only by cooperating with other people can you put your capacities into full play and can you be the winner in the society.
From what have been discussed above, It admits of no doubt that in doing things whether great or small there are more or less difficulties, it is much better for one to involve yourself into a team work. It is therefore, necessary that some effective measures are taken to make your team work more efficient. On the one hand, we should be sensible to be receptive to other people’s opinions and benefits. On the other hand, it is demanding for us to be active in taking a more tough job and always helpful and honest to other people. However, it is easier said than done. Practice is the most important factor. Only when you pay attention to it can you make it better sooner or later.
4. 对别人真诚，有礼貌，无私奉献，谦虚为人
Genuineness and cordiality are rewarding
As is vividly depicted in the picture, a young man with a suitcase under his arm is stretches his hand to greet himself reflected in the mirror. The most striking feature is his image in the mirror is smiling at him sincerely. There is no doubt that its symbolic meaning subtly conveyed should be given deep consideration.
As is symbolically revealed in the set of drawings, the fact that his smile can be reflected as tenderly as his real smile profoundly indicates that genuineness and cordiality are momentous (重要的) and fundamental to any one who undertakes great deeds. It is corporation with the team with great zeal that keeps us continually doing something valuable and admirable in spite of difficulty and discouragement, that makes us still full of energy to face the coming challenges and competition and that offers us the foundation for the coming success. Unless we are genuine to others, we will not be acknowledged, appreciated and respected by the others No better illustration of this idea can be thought than the example mentioned below. Many capable people who always care about his way of thinking will be living a dull, depressing life.Only by being genuine to others can they win other people’s trust and can they reward the support, sympathy .
From what have been discussed above, It admits of no doubt that in doing things whether great or small there are more or less difficulties, it is much better for one to cooperate with others with great zeal It is therefore, necessary that some effective measures are taken to make it work. On the one hand, we should be sensible to encourage ourselves to imagine everyone to be our friends not enemies. On the other hand, it is demanding for us to examine our behaviors to make sure they will not hurt others. However, it is easier said than done. Practice is the most important factor. Only when you pay attention to it can you make it better sooner or later.
5.选择工作，实事求是，量体裁衣，因地制宜
The fittest is the best
As is vividly depicted in the picture in the left picture a man A carrying a spanner. He seems very delighted and energetic although wet over with sweat. The most striking feature is……………..There is no doubt that its symbolic meaning subtly conveyed should be given deep consideration.
As is symbolically revealed in the set of drawings, the fact that the two man in different social positions have different attitudes toward life profoundly indicates that the fittest is the best to anyone who wants to enjoy their life. It is fitting the job that keeps us continually doing something valuable and admirable in spite of difficulty and discouragement , that makes us still full of energy to face the coming challenges and competition and that offers us the foundation for the coming success. Unless we choose the job that fit us, we will make a mess out of our life. No better illustration of this idea can be thought than the example mentioned below. Many capable people who have the burning desire to win choose a admirable employment and suffer great illnesses.
From what have been discussed above, It admits of no doubt that in doing things whether great or small there are more or less difficulties, it is much better for one to choose job that can be done within his capability. It is therefore, necessary that some effective measures are taken to make it work. On the one hand, we should be sensible to find what we are skillful at and make a plan about the future. On the other hand, it is demanding for us to change to another job if it does not fit us.However, it is easier said than done. Practice is the most important factor. Only when you pay attention to it can you make it better sooner or later.
问题讨论型
第一段（描述现象）Nowaday there is often a lack of understanding between A and B.On the one hand, A find it difficult to...。On the other hand, B complain that ... are too "old-fashioned"(to)...。So whenever... are in trouble ,they will seek help from ... instead of from...
第二段（分析原因）There are some possible reasons for the problem.In the first place,...。In the second place,...put too much pressure on ...and spare little time to ...。Finally... (参考原因：Even if A listen to the explanation of B, A often disagree with B.) As a result, the problem is becoming more and more serious.
第三段（对症下药，给出建议。）To bridge the (gap) between A and B, both of them should be co-operative. For A ,they should be considerate of ... ( for the sake of ... ). As for B, they should ...。With joint efforts, A and B can reach a better understanding...
笔者注：模式中的每一段基本都由首句，扩展句，结论三部份组成，此后模式中此类注释将部份同前省略。
类比型
1，立足两事物间的共性，阐述二者之间的相似之处（比较法）
2，立足各自的个性，阐述二者之间的差异 （对照法）
第一段（A的好处）Many people appreciate the conveniences of A。
...。Also,...。
第二段（B的好处）But B is also attractive。...
第三段（A，B各自的不足）However, either A or B has its own disadvantages. A are confronted with many problems. Such as... and so on. But B...
第四段（我的选择）As for me, I prefer to A. First,...。Second,(参考原因：compared with the undeveloped factors of B, A is an adeal... for me to...（最后谈对A不足的补救措施）Of course...
对待某事物与成功的关系（以机遇为例）
第一段（首句引出机遇--机不可失，失不再来）Opportunities don`t come often.（扩展句1机遇常常悄然离去）They come every once in a while. Very often, they come quietly and go by without being noticed.（结论珍惜机遇）Therefore, it is advisable that you should value and treat them with care.
第二段（首句说明机遇的偶然性） When an opportunity presents itself(来到时）,it brings a promise but never realizes it on its own. （扩展句1抓住机遇，实现成功的途径）If you want to achieve something or intend to fulfill one of your ambitions you must work hard, make efforts and get prepared.（扩展句2反证法）Otherwise, you will take no advantage of opportunities when they come to visit you. （结论必须做好一切可能的准备）It is clear that it order to be highly qualified for our future jobs. We should make every possible preparation.
第三段（Relationship between opportunity and success--首句说明处理机遇的态度是成功者与失败者之间的区别） The difference between a man who succeeds and one who does not lies only in the way each treats opportunities.（扩展句1成功者的态度）The successfull person always make adequate preparations to meet... as they duly arrive.（扩展句2失败者的态度）The unsuccessful person, on the other hand, works little and just waits to see them pass by.（结论）Obviously, the two different attitudes towards opportunities may lead to quite different consequences.
第四段（我的观点） In my opinion, there are plenty of opportunities for everyone in our society, but only those who are prepared adequately and qualified highly can make use of them to achieve their purpose.
笔者注：（1）全文选取该文做为自己的一个模式，是认为此类文章有一定的普遍性。考研时此类作文虽给出题纲，但短时间内不好扩展，有时甚至无话可说。所以对与此类文章，还是该早做准备----加以总结归纳。
（2）此模式中大部份诸如“If you want to achieve something... make efforts and get prepared.”等的句子实际也是模式说理句型，可运用于多种环境之中。平时要注意此类说理句型的总结，将其纳入模式之中。
（3）特别像此类不好说具体道理的文章，尤其要注意文章的开头，结尾以及中间段的头尾的启，乘，转，合之处。因为考试中说理部份大家都可能差不多半斤八两。
（4）“presents itself”= come,但在文中最好多用此类的新词（大学学的词或短语），这样就有可能成为亮点。
图画作文预测
Unit 1
写作题目与要求
Study the following set of drawings carefully and write an essay in which you should
1) describe the set of drawings,
2) analyze the purpose of the painter and
3) state your position.
You should write about 160~200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. （20points）
参考范文：
As is vividly revealed in the series of drawings above, a man has to go to four hospitals to confirm his health condition due to the irresponsibility of medical units, which seems to be humorous and funny but is most thought-provoking on second thoughts.
The aim of the painter of the drawings can be briefed as follows. To begin with, the irresponsibility in some working units can no longer be ignored by us. Accidents of various kinds resulting from irresponsibility happen more frequently than ever before. Coal mine accidents and medical accidents reported by the media are the cases in point. In the international communication, our irresponsibility has spoiled the credibility and image of our country. Responsibility does means a lot to us. What’s more, the irresponsibility of some working units should be regarded as social malignant tumor. At present the grim status contradicts our efforts to build up a harmonious society. The irresponsibility spells us heavy physical and psychological burden. And most often, the people who are frequently mistreated with irresponsibility will develop deep hatred for our society. In one word, the irresponsibility must be removed because it hinders the progress of our society.
In my view, concrete and effective measures must be taken to get rid of the phenomenon of irresponsibility. On the one hand, laws and regulations must be established to stop the existing irresponsibility. On the other hand, the importance of responsibility should be widely spread to make every citizen honor the sense of responsibility. Only in this way can we live in a safe and harmonious society. (262 words)
Unit 2
写作题目与要求
Study the following drawings carefully and write an essay in which you should
1) describe the drawing,
2) analyze the purpose of the painter and
3) state counter-measures.
You should write about 160~200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. （20points）
参考范文：
As is vividly demonstrated in the drawing above, a pleasant trip is spoiled by a man who takes off one of his shoes on a plane, which is most though-provoking. Phenomenon of the kind is not uncommon around us.
The aim of the painter of the drawing can be briefed as follows. On the one hand, bad manners in public places can no longer be ignored. Over these years, the people’s living standards have greatly improved, but the development of our civilization seems to fall far behind. No matter where you live and work, bad manners are easily spotted. The stains of spitting and chewing gums have become the disaster of most public places. Good manners, such as waiting in line and saying “Thank you” and “Sorry”, are rarely found. We are losing the basic qualities of modern citizen. On the other hand, it is urgent for us to eliminate ore bad manners. As we know, the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games requires a nice environment. It is our obligation to display not only our sports development but also our national civilization to the international community. Such bad manners revealed in the drawing will spoil our international image. In sum, bad manners should arouse our social concern.
In my view, counter-measures should be taken to get rid of the headache caused by bad manners. First of all, laws and regulations must be set up to ban bad manners. In addition, a nation-wide campaign must be launched to spread the importance of good manners among the general pubic, especially the young. Only in this way can we soon embrace a harmonious society. (271 words)
Unit 3
写作题目与要求
Study the following drawings carefully and write an essay in which you should
1) describe the drawing,
2) deduce the purpose of the painter and
3) suggest counter-measures.
You should write about 160~200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. （20points）
参考范文：
As is vividly betrayed in the drawing above, the people who are watching the chess game are reluctant to openly express their opinions about what is right and what is wrong though they can tell the right from the wrong. The drawing is really thought-provoking.
The aim of the painter of the drawing is to reveal the fact that people in modern society are losing the courage to openly support what is right and condemn what is wrong due to their personal interests. The theft case in the bus is a case in point. Most often, nobody is brave enough to stop the thief. Sometimes the person who stops the thief in the bus is seriously injured by the thief with other passengers doing nothing to help on the spot. It is quite common that some victims dare not admit in public that their properties are stolen. Such cases are increasing and threatening our society.
Counter-measures should be taken to avoid the cases mentioned above. To begin with, we must lunch a campaign to popularize the world outlook of sticking to what is right and condemning what is wrong. What’s more, we must establish relevant laws to award those who support what is right and punish those who avoid and escape when they are encountering the wrong. (217 words)Unit 4
写作题目与要求
Study the following drawings carefully and write an essay in which you should
1) describe the drawing , 2) interpret its meaning and 3) suggest counter-measures.
You should write about 160~200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. （20points）
参考范文：
As is vividly betrayed in the drawing above, all the people are advocating individualism which is highly valued by most people who are living in our modern society. This drawing mirrors a reality in our society, which should arouse our social concern.
The implied meaning of the drawing can be illustrated as follows. To begin with, the overemphasizing of individualism is detrimental to our society. Since we are living in a social environment, we should attach equal importance to both individualism and co-operation. Otherwise, our society can not keep balance and will stop developing. What’s more individualism sometimes must come second. Many significant projects, such as bridge building, rocket launching and so forth in our society, must be conducted by way of co-operation. If we always take individualism as the priority no matter what we are engaged in, our social progress is bound to be hindered, which will do harm to the development of human civilization.
Counter-measures must be taken to curb the prevailing trend so as to return people a harmonious living and working environment. Most importantly, we must realize that we cannot survive without our dependence on the society and understand the importance of co-operation. (198 words)
Unit 5
短文指导
A、Study the following picture carefully and write an essay in no less than 200 words.
B、Your essay must be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2.
C、Your essay should meet the requirements below:
1) describe the set of pictures, interpret its meaning
2) and point out the implications in our life
参考范文：
The set of pictures present in front of us a sharp contrast between two different kinds of attitudes people hold in the face of stressful events. The former type is always staying away from some misfortunes or crises, trying to desperately “fly” when confronted with difficulties, but individuals of the latter type optimistically “fight” against such events, sure that they will be in control of their own destiny. Indeed, we should act on the values of optimism.
The pessimist invariably takes a passive “fight” in the face of adversities. He feels like fate’s plaything and moves slowly. He doesn’t seek advice, assuming that nothing can be done when he is in difficulty or in distress. Any studies suggest that the pessimist’s feeling of helplessness undermines the body’s natural defenses, the immune system. Feeling passive and unable to dodge life’s blows, he expects ill health and other misfortunes, no matter what he does.
On the contrary, optimists will feel in control of their own life. If something is going wrong, an optimist acts quickly, reaching out for advice, forming a new plan of action, and looking for solutions. He will think that he is much better than the facts would justify-and more often than not, that is what keeps him alive and active, as evidenced in many successful medical treatments. He actually recognizes that stress is nothing but a natural part of his routine life. Sure enough, what determines our choice between “flying” or “fighting” will be our attitudes towards life, not the stress itself.
If we hold an optimistic attitude, we can change our life for the better. Very few can come through distressful periods with more physical and mental vigor than they had before. We should also know that a long time with no “fighting” except “flying” can lead to boredom, and even worse, to physical and mental strain. (about 300 words)
Unit 6
Directions:
Study the following picture carefully and write an essay entitled Keep Wits about Viruses in Medium. In this essay you should:
(1) describe the picture and interpret its meaning,
(2) describe the picture and interpret its meaning,
(3) suggest counter-measures.
You should write 160~200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.
参考范文：
Have you noticed that the increasing high rate of juvenile delinquency is becoming a severe social problem in modern society? To some degrees, the negative influence of mass medium is one of the main causes to the problem. In the above cartoon, what impressed you most must be the status that some medium are full of violence, vulgarity and pornography. The drawer of this cartoon just wants to warn us to keep wits about viruses in medium through these vivid personifications.
As a matter of fact, when you open a TV set, some programs featuring violent and sex will be found easily and quickly. Swords, knives, fists and guns most of the time are used to kill people. In order to attract more viewers’ attention, some directors and producers even go so far as to describe in detail the process of murder or killing, while some publisher print and sell obscene books in the public. In their eyes, the most important is the money rather than quality and content of their products. However, the negative effects brought by them are beyond estimating. Take obscene books and violence movies as example. They are very dangerous to people, especially young people. Once they are exposed to violence or dirty ideas, young people will be harmed on body and mind for a long time. They may harden their hearts to human beings and start to see life as valueless. What is worse, perhaps some will treat violence and sex as the ordinary way of life, so shooting and selling body and soul are way to succeed. Such mischiefs usually head them to a wrong way in the nearby future.
Therefore, the present situation forces us to adopt some methods to change and improve. Fist, a stricter control and supervision on the mass medium should be set up. Second, the mass medium should reject the profit-oriented concept and advocate and publicize peaceful and healthy ideas. Third, parents should educate their children to distinguish the right from the wrong in life. Only in this way can our society become more stable, beautiful and harmonious.
Unit 7
Directions:
Study the following picture carefully and write an essay entitled Be Round or Be Square. Your essay should cover all the information provided and meet the requirements below:
(1) describe the picture and interpret its meaning
(2) according to the picture, make a comment and give your reasons
You should write 160~200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.
参考范文：
Honesty is one of the traditional virtues in China. We don’t like a double-faced man. Although he or she can gain advantages from both sides, he or she will be looked down upon by our honest men. In my eyes, the dishonest man is a snob, and there is a caricature in which we find a man who has brought with him two absolutely different reports. When he is in front of his boss with a “round” head, he will present him with a report described in a “round” way. But when he turns to another boss who has a “square” head, he caters to him with a report written in terms of “square”. Obviously, t
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